Nov 23, 2022 12:48
1 yr ago
13 viewers *
English term

Gerada

English to Polish Law/Patents History
https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerada
Gerada – instytucja w prawie miejskim. Tworzyły ją przedmioty wniesione w wyprawie przez żonę i uzupełnione w czasie trwania małżeństwa przedmiotami osobistego użytku. Dziedziczyły ją córki i synowie, którzy wybrali stan duchowny – a w razie ich braku najbliższa krewna. Wartość gerady, do której należały kosztowności i klejnoty, wielokrotnie przekraczała wartość hergewetu, co było przyczyną wielu sporów sądowych.

Discussion

mike23 Nov 23, 2022:
Tłumaczenie ma być w którą stronę? English to Polish or PL>EN?

Proposed translations

19 mins

personal equipment and belongings of women (gerada)/hereditary property of a wife/woman’s movables

While a distinction between movable and immovable property is commonly found in medieval sources, a number of movables identified in land and municipal collections of rights also became classified over time as hereditary property. This was the case of the personal equipment and belongings of men (in German hergewet, in Latin arma bellica)12 and women (in German gerada, in Latin paraphernalia, suppellectilia […] que ad mulieres pertineant “accessories that belong to women”13),14 which were supposed to be transferred into hands of their male or female relatives, respectively.15 According to Magdeburg Law (Magdeburgisches Weichbild), a deceased husband’s wife was to pass on to his male descendants his sword, his best saddled horse and best armour, as well as his pulvinar bellicale “military bed,” which included a bed, two pillows, two sheets, a tablecloth, two bowls and a towel.16 The hereditary property of a wife that was to be received by her daughter, and otherwise by her closest female relative, was much more extensive. Although in Łaski’s Statutes these were defined as being only her sheep, dishes and the food in her home,17 in the judgments of Magdeburg Law, translated into Polish in 1501,18 these were described with much more precision as: the woman’s silver and gold jewellery, cups, chalices, spoons, cupboards (in Latin armarium), wash-basins, cushions, sheets, pillows, tapestries, carpets for covering benches (In Latin bancalis) and beds and hanging on walls, tablecloths, towels, quilts, clothing, headscarves, chests, candlesticks, yarn, beer brewing kettles and books ‘that women tend to read,’ as well as a pot for melting wax, a mirror, scissors and other items commonly used by women.19 In 1567, Bartłomiej Groicki, a notary at the High Court of Magdeburg Law in Krakow, described the Weichbild as follows:

These things belong to the woman’s movables [gerada] according to Magdeburg Law: all the woman’s clothing, gowns and cloth cut for the clothing the woman typically wears and has power over; all gold and silver that is woven for the woman’s clothing; all rings, buttons and pins, buckled belts, silk cloth, bracelets and necklaces, bed coverings, sheets, bath towels, curtains, lace curtains, beds, head-rests, pillows, table-cloths, bowls, brewery vessels to be leased, a wash-boiler, crates with lids, linen, washed and raw wool; books that women usually read; geese, ducks, sheep that are herded out to pasture.20

The gerada was described in a nearly identical fashion by Paul Szczerbic in 158

https://brill.com/display/book/9789004461444/BP000010.xml?la...

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Note added at 21 mins (2022-11-23 13:10:17 GMT)
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These things belong to the woman’s movables [gerada] according to Magdeburg Law: all the woman’s clothing, gowns and cloth cut for the clothing the woman typically wears and has power over; all gold and silver that is woven for the woman’s clothing; all rings, buttons and pins, buckled belts, silk cloth, bracelets and necklaces, bed coverings, sheets, bath towels, curtains, lace curtains, beds, head-rests, pillows, table-cloths, bowls, brewery vessels to be leased, a wash-boiler, crates with lids, linen, washed and raw wool; books that women usually read; geese, ducks, sheep that are herded out to pasture.

https://jobourne.blogspot.com/2021/10/mens-things-and-womens...

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